BIOMEDICAL BIOTECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH INTO A TROPICAL LEGUME
UZUAKI THAT REJUVENATES THE INTERNAL ORGANS OF MAMMALS
By
Danmbaezue, Genevieve Ugochinyere
……………………………………..
EXTREME RIGHT IN BLUE DRESS
My First
Paper in Experimental Practice of Biotechnology Research in the Field
August -
December 2016
WHAT
THE TROPICAL LEGUME LOOKS LIKE IN THE WILD
Our experimental
legume "Uzuaki" belongs to the family of Scarlet Runner Beans that
are cultivated throughout the world. Symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria,
present in small nodules on the roots of beans and other legumes, help to
return nitrogen to the soil, where the plant can then utilize it directly. In
exchange, the bacteria in the root nodules use organic compounds supplied by
the plant as an energy source.
Oxford
Scientific Films
Microsoft
® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights
We are yet to find an
internationally recognized botanical name for our new discovery that natives
call; UZAM, AZAMA or UZUAKI! Meanwhile, the freshly harvested samples we have
seen and bought from farmers in Enugu State villages have these two
colours.
Two major species easily found in
the market. Red is an enhancement name that indicate flowers on the growing
plants found in the wild or domesticated
In Our Research We Added Moringa
oleifera Seeds to Potentiate Uzuaki's Real Effectiveness as Hio-Rejuvenant
A BRIEF LITERATURE REVIEW OF THE
BEANS FAMILY ON THE INTERNATIONAL SCENE
BEAN, is a common
name widely applied to many plants of the legume family. The seeds and pods of
these plants are used for food and forage. The seeds themselves are also called
beans and are valuable as food because of their high protein content. The term
bean is also applied to plants of other families, such as the Indian bean, which
is a North American species, and the sacred bean, or Indian lotus. The seeds or
fruits of certain other plants, such as the coffee tree and the castor-oil
plant (see Castor Bean), are also
called beans.
The
broad bean, also called horsebean or Windsor bean, has been cultivated since
prehistoric times and is still the most common bean in many parts of Europe.
Various species are cultivated in the United States under the name of vetch.
Most of the beans of the United States and the frijoles of Mexico belong to the
same genus. The cowpea, asparagus bean, and hyacinth bean are also cultivated,
particularly for forage. The soybean is a common bean in Asian countries and
has been more widely cultivated in the United States in recent years than have
native varieties of bean. Most soybeans are grown today for their oil, which is
used in industrial manufacturing and as fodder for livestock. Another popular
bean in Asia is the mung bean. Mung bean sprouts are frequently used as a
vegetable accompaniment in Chinese cooking, and mung bean starch is used to
make noodles.
The
wild bean of the United States is rarely cultivated. Hundreds of varieties of
the common garden bean of the United States are cultivated. The young pods are
called string, or snap, beans if green; they are called wax, or butter, beans
if yellowish. The seeds of the older pods are known as shell beans. The small
variety is often called navy bean and the large purplish variety, kidney bean.
The
next most important species in the United States is the lima, or sugar, bean,
regarded by some botanists as a variety of the civet bean. Because it is
drought resistant, the tepary is cultivated in Mexico and in the southwestern
United States. The scarlet runner is often cultivated in Europe, as much for
its attractive red flowers as for its edible beans.
For
cultivating, beans are divided into two groups: pole beans, or vines requiring
a pole for support; and bush beans, erect shrubs of low, spreading growth. Many
of the species, notably the common garden bean of the United States, have
varieties in both groups, and the groups overlap one another. Although some of
the bean plants are perennials, most of the important cultivated species are
annuals and are sown in rich, loose, warm soil after all danger of frost is
past.
The
principal disease affecting beans is a form of anthracnose caused by a fungus
that attacks the stems, leaves, and pods of the bean. It is most visible on
pods, in which it causes deep, dark pits. To prevent the disease, seeds are
carefully selected, and care is taken not to spread the fungus from one plant
to another during wet weather. A rust may defoliate bean plants. It first
appears as small brown dots containing a brown powder, the spores of the
fungus. Later the spots become larger and the spores black.
Scientific
classification:
Most
beans belong to the subfamily Papilionoideae of the family Fabaceae (formerly
Leguminosae). The Indian bean is classified in the genus Catalpa. The broad bean is classified as Vicia faba. Vetch is classified in the genus Vicia. Most beans of the United States and the frijoles of Mexico
are classified in the genus Phaseolus.
Cowpeas and asparagus beans are classified in the genus Vigna. The hyacinth bean is classified as Lablab purpureus, the soybean as Glycine max, the wild bean of the United States as Phaseolus polystachios, and the common
garden bean of the United States as Phaseolus
vulgaris. The lima, or sugar, bean is generally classified as Phaseolus limensis, although it is
regarded by some as a variety of the civet bean, classified as Phaseolus lunatus. The tepary is
classified as Phaseolus acutifolius
variety latifolius and the scarlet
runner as Phaseolus coccineus.
Hyacinth Bean, tall twining annual of the legume family. There are
several horticultural forms, all rapidly growing climbers that typically reach
a height of 9 m (30 ft). Its leaflets are large, heart-shaped, and light green;
its flowers are purple or white, standing out in long stiff sprays. In tropical
regions the hyacinth bean is sometimes cultivated for its edible flattened pods
and seeds, but the plant is more widely raised as an ornamental.
Scientific
classification: The hyacinth bean is a member of the subfamily Papilionoidea,
family Fabaceae (formerly Leguminosae), and is classified as Lablab purpureus
Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009.
© 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
A "Legume" is a common name for a plant family,
the only member of the third largest order of flowering plants in terms of
species, with some 18,000; and the second most important economically, after
the grasses.
The family is worldwide in distribution, but its greatest
concentration is in tropical and subtropical regions. The plants show great
diversity in both vegetative and floral form; woody, perennial species
predominate, but numerous herbaceous forms and even a few aquatics also occur.
The fruit is the feature by which the family is best characterized. Technically
known as a legume, it is a single-chambered, flattened seedpod with two
sutures. It usually splits open along the two sutures, as in the common pea.
The seeds are attached along one of the sutures. The legume may be indehiscent
(not splitting), as in the peanut, which matures underground; or explosively
dehiscent, as in broom or lupine. It also may range from only a few millimeters
long to more than 30 cm (more than 12 in) and may be single or many seeded and
brightly or dully colored.
Sweet Pea
The sweet pea belongs to an order of plants known as legumes.
The legumes are an economically important group of plants that have root
nodules containing a bacterium that helps return nitrogen to the soil. Because
of this characteristic, legumes such as the sweet pea are used to enrich
nitrogen-poor soils. Other legumes include beans, peanuts, soybeans, and
alfalfa. Oxford Scientific Films
Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All
rights reserved.
Legume flowers are quite variable, but in all of them the
bases of the five sepals (outer floral whorls) and five petals (inner floral
whorls) and the stamens (male floral parts) are fused to form a cup
(hypanthium) about the base of the ovary (female floral structure). Usually ten
stamens are found; they either are fused into a single structure or occur as
two groups, one containing nine stamens and one containing a single stamen. The
ovary, which matures into the fruit, consists of a single carpel (egg-bearing
structure) and is superior-that is, borne above the other floral parts.
A common feature in the family is the presence of root
nodules containing bacteria of the genus Rhizobium. These bacteria are capable
of converting atmospheric nitrogen, which cannot be used by the plants, into
nitrate (NO3-), a form that can be used. Legumes are
often planted specifically to renew nitrogen supplies in soils. See Nitrogen
Fixation.
Peanut Plant
The fruit of the peanut or groundnut, Arachis hypogaea, forms
mainly in the ground. Native to South America, the peanut plant is now
cultivated in regions of the United States, South America, Africa, and Asia
where the growing season is long and warm. The peanut, a member of the legume
family, is rich in protein, B vitamins, and oil. The plants themselves can be
used as livestock feed. Neth W. Fink/Bruce
Coleman, Inc.
Microsoft ®
Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
The family is divided into three closely related
subfamilies, which are often treated as three separate families. One subfamily
is mostly herbaceous and is characterized by simple leaves and highly irregular
flowers with ten stamens in two clusters. About 12,000 species exist, including
such plants as peas, beans, peanuts, and soybeans; clover and alfalfa; and
sweet pea, broom, and lupine. The second subfamily contains mostly trees and
shrubs and is characterized by bipinnately compound (doubly branching) leaves
and regular (radially symmetrical) flowers with ten or more stamens extending
beyond the petals. This subfamily contains about 3,000 species and includes
acacias and mimosas. The third subfamily is also mostly woody, but with leaves
pinnately compound, and slightly to highly irregular flowers with ten stamens
in one cluster. This subfamily contains about 3,000 species and includes such
plants as brazilwood, carob, honey locust, Judas tree, logwood, and tamarind.
For additional information, see articles on individual
plants mentioned.
Scientific classification: Legumes make up the family
Fabaceae (formerly Leguminosae). The three subfamilies are Papilionoideae,
which includes peas and beans; Mimosoideae, which includes acacias and mimosas;
and Caesalpinioideae, which includes brazilwood and carob.
Contributed By: Marshall R. Crosby Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008
ORIGIN AND
GENEALOGICAL SURVEY OF UZUAKI THERAPY
A 65 year-old went to
Abakpa-Nike Market in Enugu East LGA in 2011 to have his monthly haircut and
application of Black Hair Dye at his 73 year-old Nkanu East Barber on a sunny
afternoon. Little did he know what the heavens had in stock for him? It
drizzled for 30 minutes as soon as he sat down on the rotating barber's seat.
The client opened up a
debate, WHY DO VILLAGERS LIVE UP TO 110 YEARS OR MORE, WHEREAS WE WHO BOAST OF
LIVING WITH MORE AMENITIES IN THESE " TOWNGOATS" WE MISTAKENLY CALL
"TOWNSHIPS" BUT IN NIGERIA THEY ACTUALLY ARE NOT? .... he joked!
The nearest barber took up
the gauntlet and gave a native explanation of what a farmer and his wives call
" GOOD DIET" to mean; "Okpa with Akamu" in the morning,
Pounded yam or cassava with Fresh Bitter Leaf Soup richly garnished with dried
fish at noon, then "Agwa na Agidi" porridge washed down with a keg of
fresh palmwine in the night!! He summed up heartily. He defused a grudging
frown on his face. I JUST NODDED !
My barber added a proviso,
my friend, THE SOUP MUST HAVE " Ogiri, Fresh Pepper, Crayfish, Raw Palm
Oil and other seasoning our womenfolk are experts in processing.
I concurred as I was not an
indigene of Enugu State but I pointed out " BOTH OF YOU MISSED THE POINT I
RAISED! I requested to know their SECRETS FOR LONGEVITY not this narrative
which mirrors mine at Ihiala in Anambra State.
An eavesdroper of 27 years
respectfully told the 'Three Muskeeters' MY DEAR ELDERS, YOU ALL ARE WRONG, MY
OLD MOTHER IS 120 YEARS OLD LAST JULY BIRTHDAY WE ORGANISED FOR HER, BUT STILL
DOES NOT USE A WALKING STICK!
He got me below the belt, MY
DEAR SON, WHAT DOES SHE DO THAT WE TOWN GOATERS NEVER DO DESPITE OUR COLD
REFRIGERATORS, BETTER SHOPPING AND MODERN COOKING GADGETS, please o o, that is
ALL I NEED, my son!
He chided the elderly
barbers, MY MOTHER BOILS AZAMA EVERY WEEK AND DRINKS THE RED LIQUID EVERY
FRIDAY NIGHT SINCE I GREW UP AND KNEW HER! Why didn't either of you tell this
Anambrarian about it? He queried. BOTH OF YOU SHOULD HAVE KNOWN THAT!
I thanked him. Where, when
& how can you show me this Azama seeds, can you bring it to 5 Church
Street, Federal Housing? At this point, my barber interjected, WE CALL IT UZU-AKI, my customer, give the lad money,
it's here in this market! Eh?, what are we waiting for then? I QUICKLY FISHED
OUT TWO HUNDRED NAIRA AND GAVE THE LAD ! ! !
He returned in 10 minutes
with brown reddish seeds neatly wrapped in a transparent plastic bag. Then I
OPENED UP to answer my earlier rhetorical qerry, WE IN TOWNGOATS BUY FOOD STUFF THAT WE HARDLY
KNOW THEY WERE PROCESSED, ROTTEN VEGETABLE, FRUITS THAT WERE TRANSPORTED FOR
THREE DAYS FROM THE FAR NORTH, THEN STORE OUR OVEN DECAYING FRY FRY FOODS IN
REFRIGERATORS FOR FIVE OR MORE DAYS WITHOUT ANY GUARANTEE OF STEADY
ELECTRICITY, therefore we eat Bacteria whereas Village dispose of LEFT OVERS
EVERY NIGHT & PREPARE FRESH ONES THE NEXT DAY! I followed the young lad's
RECIPE for the UZUAKI! !
And have been doing so
WEEKLY as his 120 year old mother ! !
WHAT BROUGHT DR KENEZ TO THE USE OF UZUAKI LIQUID
GENETICAL
INHERITANCE OF PROSTATE GLAND ILLNESS
Prostate Gland, chestnut-shaped male organ located next to
the bladder and surrounding the urethra (the tube that carries urine from the
bladder to the penis). The prostate gland produces a secretion known as
prostate fluid that makes up most of the liquid part of semen, which is
discharged from the penis during sexual orgasm. Measuring about 3 cm (about 1.2
in) across, the prostate gland is composed of both glandular tissue that
produces prostate fluid and muscle tissue that helps in male ejaculation.
Prostate fluid also helps to keep sperm, which is found in semen, healthy and
lively, thereby increasing the chances that fertilization will occur.
Prostate Gland
The secretions of the prostate and Cowper's
glands add nutrients to semen, the fluid in which sperm is ejaculated from the
body. Cancer of the prostate gland is a common type of cancer in men. ©
Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
Microsoft
® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
There are a variety of prostate disorders that commonly
afflict men of all ages. The most common prostate disease is benign prostatic
hyperplasia (BPH), a noncancerous condition of unknown cause. It occurs in
approximately 70 to 80 percent of men as they reach their 70s and 80s. In BPH,
the prostate gland can increase in size from 20 g (0.71 oz), which is the average
size of the prostate in younger men, to as large as 150 g (5.31 oz). As the
prostate grows, it constricts the urethra, possibly causing a partial
obstruction of the bladder. Such obstruction may lead to bladder wall
thickening and urination problems. Symptoms such as frequent urination,
nighttime urination, a feeling of urgency to urinate, difficulty emptying the
bladder, and a weak urinary stream are the most common problems men encounter
from prostate enlargement.
There are several treatment options for BPH, including
medications that either shrink the prostate gland or relax the smooth muscle in
the prostate gland to alleviate the obstruction of the bladder. The standard
surgical procedure for removing the enlarged tissue in the prostate is called transurethral
resection of the prostate (TURP). During this procedure, the surgeon uses an
endoscope, a tube equipped with a small television camera and a sharp
instrument, to cut away the excess prostate tissue.
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in elderly men and
the second most common cause of cancer-related death in men. Prostate cancer
causes few if any symptoms in its early stages, but as it progresses it can
lead to difficulties with urination and bleeding in the urinary tract, and the
cancer can spread to other areas of the body. Prostate cancer may be detected
by digital rectal examination. Testing for abnormally high blood levels of the
protein known as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is also used to diagnose the
disease. Prostate cancer is treated using hormones, chemotherapy, radiation
therapy, or surgical procedures.
Prostatitis is an inflammatory condition of the prostate
that is most common in men ages 20 to 50. There are two broad classes of
prostatitis: nonbacterial and bacterial. Nonbacterial prostatitis is the most
common form of prostatic inflammation. It causes pelvic pain, problems with
urination, discomfort after ejaculation, and lower back pain. The cause of
nonbacterial prostatitis remains unclear but possible sources include viruses,
prostate muscle spasm, backflow of urine through prostate ducts, and
psychological disturbances. Recent evidence suggests that nonbacterial
prostatitis may be caused by bacteria that are present in the middle of a
prostate but cannot be detected by conventional diagnostic techniques.
Patients with nonbacterial prostatitis are treated with
medications ranging from antibiotics to antispasmodics; less often, medications
that relax the muscle in the prostate gland are administered. The success of
such treatments varies widely, and in many cases men must live with the
symptoms of prostatitis.
In bacterial prostatitis, which may be sexually transmitted,
a bacterial infection in the prostate gland leads to infection, swelling, pain,
and difficulty in urinating; the penis may release bacterial fluid, and blood
may appear in the urine. In some cases bacterial prostatitis can cause a severe
infection throughout the body, producing a dangerously high fever. Bacterial
prostatitis is treated with antibiotics but sometimes all the infection cannot
be eliminated from the prostate gland, and some men develop a chronically
infected prostate.
Contributed By: Michael J. Naslund
Microsoft ®
Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation.
All rights
reserved.
Prostate Cancer, malignancy of the prostate gland, a
walnut-sized organ located under the bladder in males. The prostate gland
surrounds the urethra, which is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to
the penis. Prostate cancer is the most common cancer after skin cancer, and the
second most common cause of cancer deaths, after lung cancer, in men living in
the United States and Canada.
The American Cancer Society estimates that more than 230,000 new cases
of prostate cancer are diagnosed annually in the United States and that about
27,000 men die from the disease each year. According to the Canadian Cancer
Society, each year prostate cancer is diagnosed in about 20,000 men in Canada
and about 4,200 die from the disease. The death rate from prostate cancer has
been dropping in both countries as a result of more widespread screening,
earlier detection, and improved treatment.
II.
|
RISK FACTORS FOR PROSTATE CANCER
|
The specific mechanisms that lead to the development of prostate cancer
are still unknown, but several risk factors have been identified that increase
the chances of developing the disease. Incidence increases with age-prostate
cancer seldom develops before the age of 40; two out of three cases occur in
men over the age of 65. It is most common in North America and in northwestern
Europe but rare in South America, the Near East, and Africa. African American
men have about twice the risk of developing prostate cancer as American men of
European or Asian ancestry.
Family history also plays an important role in who develops prostate
cancer. Men whose fathers or brothers develop prostate cancer are more likely
to develop the disease. Researchers are beginning to identify genetic markers
of prostate cancer. For instance, the gene known as hereditary prostate cancer 1 (HPC1) appears to significantly
predispose men to prostate cancer when inherited in a mutated form.
Environmental factors, such as workplace exposures to cadmium, have also been
associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer.
A growing body of evidence links diets rich in animal fats, such as red
meat or high-fat dairy products, with prostate cancer. Dietary differences are
believed to explain why the incidence of prostate cancer is 120 times greater
in the United States than in China, where fatty foods are not part of the
general diet.
Some fruits and vegetables seem to act as a shield against prostate
cancer. A study reported in 1995 found that tomatoes offer protection against
prostate cancer. Subsequent research has focused on lycopene, an antioxidant
found in tomatoes and certain other fruits. Antioxidants neutralize free
radicals-molecules in the body that make cells more vulnerable to
cancer-causing agents. Other studies suggest that cruciferous vegetables, such
as broccoli, cauliflower, and Brussels sprouts, have some protective effect.
Some evidence suggests that long-term, moderate doses of vitamin E, a
type of antioxidant, may block the progress of prostate tumors. Selenium, an
element found in tiny amounts primarily in plants and yeasts, has also been
associated with a lowered risk of certain cancers, although large amounts of
selenium are toxic (poisonous).
Clinical tests of the effectiveness of vitamin E and selenium in preventing
prostate cancer began in 2001 at sites throughout the United States, Canada,
and Puerto Rico. Final results from this study are expected in 2013.
From entries at Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008
Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
III.
|
SYMPTOMS OF PROSTATE CANCER
|
Prostate cancer usually progresses slowly and produces no symptoms in
its initial stages. Warning signs may eventually include difficult or painful
urination; frequent urination, especially at night; and blood in the urine or
semen. Pain in the lower back, pelvis, or upper thighs may signal that prostate
cancer cells have spread to the ribs, pelvis, and other bones. These symptoms,
however, may have other causes, such as infection or prostate enlargement.
Prostate enlargement is a natural result of the aging process.
IV.
|
SCREENING AND DIAGNOSIS
|
Many doctors perform screening tests for prostate cancer during regular
physical exams in order to identify the disease in its earliest-and most
curable-stages. Doctors perform a digital rectal examination, in which the
physician slips a gloved finger into the rectum to feel the size, shape, and
firmness of the prostate. If cancer is present, a physician may feel a nodule
or other prostate irregularity.
Another screening test, the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test,
measures levels of a protein called prostate-specific antigen in the blood.
Prostate cancer cells overproduce this protein, causing an elevation of PSA
levels in blood. Most men have PSA levels lower than 4.0 nanograms per
milliliter (ng/ml) of blood, and that level is considered normal. However, a
higher level does not necessarily indicate the presence of cancer. Infections
and certain drugs can also elevate PSA levels.
If screening tests suggest cancer may be present, a physician will
usually perform a biopsy. In this procedure a physician inserts a needle
through the wall of the rectum and extracts a sample of tissue from the
prostate. The tissue is then examined under a microscope for the presence of
cancer cells. The biopsy can usually be performed in the doctor's office.
The American Cancer Society recommends that men aged 50 years and older
consider having an annual digital rectal exam and PSA test. Men who have a high
risk for the disease (African Americans or those with a family history of
prostate cancer) should talk to their doctors about starting annual screening
tests at a younger age. Annual screening with a PSA test is controversial
because there are many false positives-that is, elevated PSA levels among men
who do not have prostate cancer. This leads to unnecessary additional
procedures. A new DNA test can help predict which men are at high risk for
prostate cancer. Men found to be at high risk might consider earlier and more
frequent screening for the disease.
V.
|
STAGING THE CANCER
|
After prostate cancer is diagnosed, the physician may decide more tests
are necessary to determine if the cancer has spread beyond the prostate gland.
This process is known as staging. Early-stage cancers either have not spread or
have spread only to nearby tissues. Later-stage cancers have spread farther and
usually require more aggressive treatment.
Various tests are used to determine the cancer's stage. Lymph glands
from the pelvis may be surgically removed and examined for cancer cells, or a
sample of fluid from the seminal vesicles (glands that secrete semen) may be
examined for cancer cells. In addition, images of the inside of the body made
by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans also can
reveal the presence of cancerous tumors.
Prostate cancer sometimes spreads to the bones, and a radionuclide bone
scan tests for such spread. In this test a tiny amount of radioactive substance
is injected into a vein. The substance collects in the bones, especially in
areas of unusual activity known as "hot spots"-for example, where
cancer cells are expanding. During the scan the patient lies on a table that
passes under the scanner, which makes computer images on which any hot spots in
the bones show up.
\
The Neophyte
Biotechnologist @ her First National Conference
VI.
|
TREATMENT OF PROSTATE CANCER
|
||
Sidebars
|
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WORLD OF SCIENCE
|
|||
Combating Prostate Cancer
|
|||
Men with prostate cancer face the best chance of recovery
when the illness is detected early and prevented from spreading. Medical
researchers are studying new methods of detection such as genetic screening,
as well as a number of innovative treatments. Physicians also recommend that
men take simple preventive measures such as a diet low in animal fats. In
this article from Scientific American
Presents, physicians Marc B. Garnick of Harvard Medical School and
William R. Fair of the Cornell University Medical Center explore medical
approaches to combating prostate cancer.
|
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open sidebar
|
The treatment of prostate cancer generally depends on the stage of the
cancer and on the age of the patient. In men over the age of 70 with
early-stage prostate cancer, the disease often progresses so slowly that they
are likely to die of other causes before they develop prostate cancer symptoms.
For this reason, some physicians believe that many patients in this age group
can forgo surgery or other treatments as long as their condition is regularly
monitored-a treatment known as watchful waiting.
In many cases, a prostatectomy-surgical
removal of the prostate-is performed, often in conjunction with radiation. If
the surgeon is properly trained, the surgery can be performed with a
laparoscope. Laparoscopic prostatectomy involves smaller incisions, less time
in the hospital, and a faster recovery than standard prostatectomies. Another
surgical procedure, transurethral resection of the prostate, involves removing
cancerous tissue from the prostate with an instrument inserted through the
urethra. Both kinds of surgery can cause impotence and urinary leakage. A
procedure called nerve-sparing surgery can avoid damaging the nerves that
control erection, but this procedure may not be possible if the cancer occurs
near those nerves.
Radiation therapy is an alternative to surgery in many cases. It uses X
rays or other high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells or stop them from
growing (see Radiology: Therapeutic
Radiology). In external radiation therapy, the radiation is beamed from a
machine onto the body. In internal radiation therapy, radioactive material
sealed in "seeds" is inserted into the prostate. The procedure,
performed under local anesthesia, spares healthy, nearby tissue and appears to
be as effective as surgery for men with early-stage prostate cancer.
In some cases hormones are used to treat prostate cancer, especially if
the patient is unable to undergo surgery or radiation because of other health
problems. Hormone treatment may also be used for cancers that recur or for
shrinking the cancer before surgery or radiation therapy. The goal of hormone
therapy is to reduce body levels of male hormones, especially testosterone,
that can fuel the growth of cancers. Chemotherapy-the use of anticancer
drugs-is sometimes recommended when the disease has spread beyond the prostate.
These drugs travel in the bloodstream and slow the cancer's growth and spread.
Several other treatments for prostate cancer are under investigation.
Cryosurgery uses instruments to destroy cancer cells by freezing them.
Immunotherapy boosts the body's immune-system defenses to fight cancer.
High-intensity ultrasound uses high-energy sound waves to destroy cancer cells
(see Ultrasonics).
VII.
|
PROGNOSIS
|
According to the
American Cancer Society, more than 90 percent of prostate cancers are
discovered in early stages as a result of more widespread screening. Because
prostate cancers grow relatively slowly, the five-year survival rate for
prostate cancer detected in an early stage is nearly 100 percent. The ten-year
survival rate is 93 percent, but the survival rate drops more sharply
thereafter.
Behold the Man, The Guinea
Pig of this Biotechnological Research
THANKSGIVING FOR RECOVERYUSING UZUAKI DERIVATIVES
ENGINEERED BY OUR ALMIGHTY CREATOR WHO BENEVOLENTLY PUT THE HEALING POWERS IN
HERBAL PLANTS FOR OUR LONGEVITY. IT IS LEFT FOR US TO REDISCOVER WHAT OUR
ANCESTORS DEPENDED ON BEFORE WESTERNIZATION IN 2013 HARVEST & BAZAAR
THIS REMAINS THE LOGO FOR THIS RESEARCH
PAPER
Two major species easily found in the market. Red
is an enhancement name
that indicate flowers on the growing plants found
in the wild or domesticated
Ugochinyere
and Nnamdi as Primary School Pupils
To see the relevant RESEARCH ILLUSTRATIONS blogspot could not display here
Email; shizzlebabe@yahoo.com ..... OR ..... saintkenez@yahoo.co.uk
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